Abstract: The field investigation, laboratory analysis, statistical analysis and statistical analysis method were used to analyze the sediment grain size composition, spatial characteristics, and the correlations between sediment grain size and nutrients factorsin Liaohe Estuary. The results showed that:the sediment grain size composition, characteristic parameters presented the gradient trends in spatial distribution from ocean to land; The more strong correlation was found between TC、TN and the composition and sorting features of sediment grain size in the spatial distribution, and the effective instruction of sediment grain size parameters for TC、TN could been found, the effect of clay material on the TC was better than TN, and the indicating role of sorting coefficient for TN was stronger than the TC. This paper confirmed the indicating role of sediments grain size on environmental factors, but also verified the impact of spatial distribution of grain size on nutrientsin the small-scale area.