南黄海辐射沙脊群潮汐通道水流输运示踪模拟

Modelling flow transport based on the particle tracking in tidal channels of radial sand ridges in south Yellow Sea

  • 摘要: 将三维水动力模型MIKE3耦合粒子追踪模型,模拟辐射沙脊群海域西洋、陈家坞槽、苦水洋、黄沙洋四个主要潮汐通道和沙脊群顶点处的粒子运动轨迹,探讨潮汐通道间的水流运动、物质输运及交换特性。结果表明:潮汐通道内涨潮期表层粒子净位移大于落潮期;小潮期间,表、底层粒子运动轨迹相似,主要为潮汐通道内的往复运动;大潮期间,各通道粒子轨迹主要为往复运动和顺时针螺旋状横向运动两种形式,不同通道或同一通道的表、底层轨迹均不同,且不同的释放时刻粒子越出通道的程度也不同,表层粒子的运动范围更大,而底层相对集中。粒子运动轨迹由西洋通道的往复流和其余区域不同程度的旋转流所控制。与小潮相比,大潮期间潮汐通道的水体垂向环流及水体交换更为明显。通道内的水流横向输运能力主要取决于横向环流流速与纵向主流流速的相对强弱,同时也受局部地形影响。辐射沙脊群顶点处粒子大多数向岸,少量向南、北沿岸运动,表明近岸水流和物质迁移的主要向岸趋势。本研究结果可为辐射沙脊群海域水环境的管理提供理论支撑。

     

    Abstract: A three-dimensional hydrodynamic model coupled with a Lagrangian particle tracking model was applied at the Xiyang, Chenjiawucao, Kushuiyang, and Huangshayang tidal channels in the radial sand ridges area of the South Yellow Sea, in order to investigate the flow and mass exchange characteristics between different channels. Results showed that net displacements of surface particles in the flood tide were larger than that in the ebb tide. During the neap tides, the particles in both the surface and bottom of four channels were limited in respective channels characterized by similar reciprocating trajectories. During the spring tides, the particles moved along reciprocating straight lines or in a clockwise spiral. The trajectories of particles changed across different channels, layers and at different releasing time. The particle movement range of the surface layer was larger than that at the bottom layer. The hydrodynamic characteristics of the radial sand ridges are responsible for the significant differences of transport characteristics in different channels. The Xiyang channel is controlled by the reciprocating flow while other regions are dominated by the swirl flow of the different degree. The vertical circulation and water exchange in tidal channels were more obvious in spring tides compared to those in neap tides. The crosswise transport of the particle depended on the relative flow velocity of the vertical circulation. The special geomorphology also played an important role. Most particles of the vertex of sand ridges were shoreward, only a few were along the south and north shore, indicating the shoreward tendency of the water movement and mass transport. The outcomes of this study may provide theoretical support for environment management regarding radial sand ridges.

     

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