Abstract: In order to understand the pollution characteristics and sources of heavy metals and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in surface sediments of Fujian coastal sea area, 38 sampling sites of surface sediments were collected and concentration of 7 heavy metals (Hg、Cd、Cr、Pb、Cu、Zn、As) and PCBs were analyzed.The ecological risk regarding pollutants was assessed by using Hakanson Potential Ecological Risk Assessment Method.The results showed that:(1) The heavy metals were highly enriched in the Sansha bay and Minjiang estuary-Mazu sea area, pollution levels of sediments were low in the Luoyuan bay and estuary.(2) No new sources of PCBs input.Natural weathering and erosion of rocks, industrial and domestic wastewater discharge and vessels oil spill were the main sources of heavy metals.(3) The ecological risk assessment indicated that Luoyuan bay and estuary were at low ecological risk level, the whole Minjiang estuary-Mazu sea area approached medium level, while Sansha bay was at little higher than medium level.The sequence of potential ecological risk of these elements was Cd> Hg> As> Cu> PCBs> Pb> Cr> Zn, Cd and Hg were the main ecological risk factors in the Fujian coastal sea area.