Abstract: In this study, kidney cell line from trachidermus fasciatus were used to assess toxicity of cupric sulfate in vitro.The 24 h semi-lethal concentrations of kidney cell measured by Thiazole blue (MTT) method were 154.34 μmol/L.After exposure of cupric sulfate, when the cupric sulfate concentration was 0~300 μmol/L, the activities of superoxide dismuta (SOD) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) in kidney cell line were increased with the increase of concentration, while the concentration was 300~400 μmol/L, the activities of both enzymes gradually decreased.When the concentration was 100~300 μmol/L, the activity of Glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in kidney cell line was negatively correlated with the concentration of cupric sulfate.Micronucleus test showed that cupric sulfate could cause the nucleus damage and form micronucleus.The rate of micronucleus increased with the increase of cupric sulfate concentration.the maximum micronucleus rates of kidney cell line were 14.33‰.Comet assay showed that cupric sulfate could cause the nucleus damage.The comet rate were 54.00% and comet length of liver DNA were 18.41±2.94 μm.The comet rate and comet length of kidney cell DNA treated by cupric sulfate in test groups increased significantly (p < 0.05) compared with control group.The kidney cell line from trachidermus fasciatus can be as monitoring marker of copper pollution.