Abstract: Hemolytic toxins produced by marine microalgae are a group of bioactive marine toxins which have extremely negative impacts on marine organisms, andhave led to mass mortality events of fish and shellfish.However, studies on the chemical structure of hemolytic toxinsare still in its infancyand various obstacles need to be overstrode.Given the complicatedcomposition of hemolytic toxins-, extraction and analysis of the toxinschemical structure arebottleneck problemsin the research on hemolytic toxin.This article summarized the chemical structures of hemolytic toxins reported up to the present time, which could be divided into five groups, Glycolipids, macrolides, long-chain polyenes, polyethers and porphyrins compound.This review provides the basis for further study the properties of hemolytic toxins in the future.