Abstract: As a kind of marine ecological hazard, harmful algal blooms hazard will not only threaten the safety of the ecological environment in the outburst area, cause partial disruption of the marine food chain and destroy the balance of the ecosystem, but also damage human health and economic development.It has drawn wide attention of governments and scientific community in various countries.This paper summarizes the prediction, evaluation and influences of harmful algal blooms hazard at home and abroad, analyzes the existing problems in the current research work, and puts forward the future research direction, so as to provide guidance for scientific prevention and control of harmful algal blooms hazard.