Abstract: Mangrove forests, as special vegetation types on the coast, are sources and pools of heavy metal pollutants. In this paper, through the systematic collection and analysis of mangrove wetland root soils in Dongzhai Harbor, Hainan, the distribution and ecological risk of heavy metals in root soils were studied. Correlation analysis, cluster analysis and potential ecological risk index (RI) Nemerow pollution index (PN) analysis methods were used to explore the pollution sources and ecological risks of heavy metals in wetland root soils, respectively. The results show that As, Ba, Pb and Sr are mainly of natural origin, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Ti and Zn are mainly of industrial and agricultural origin, especially aquaculture. Ecological risk analyses indicate that Cd, Hg and Ni were the main pollutant elements and there is a significant ecological risk of heavy metals in the western and southeastern corners of the wetland.