陆海统筹背景下的新污染物环境多介质空间分异模型

Review of spatially environmental multimedia fate models of emerging pollutants in the context of land and sea coordination

  • 摘要: 新污染物治理及风险防控是国家重大需求。开展新污染物治理需评估其环境暴露,然而利用环境监测手段评价大尺度区域污染特征所需成本高,且难以全面、系统地反映污染物的环境归趋。多介质环境模型可以对新污染物的迁移、转化及环境归趋进行准确描述,是进行新污染物环境暴露评价的有效工具。与传统多介质环境模型相比,环境多介质空间分异模型具有分辨率高、精度高、可反映污染物分布的空间差异性等优点。海洋是新污染物重要的汇,构建陆海统筹的环境多介质空间分异模型势在必行。本文概述了当前国内外面向新污染物环境暴露评价的环境多介质空间分异模型,并对模型构建流程、相关参数获取方法及未来研究前景进行了综述。

     

    Abstract: The control and risk prevention of emerging pollutants is a major national demand, and the environmental exposure of the pollutants should be assessed. However, using environmental monitoring methods to evaluate large-scale regional pollution characteristics requires high cost, and it is difficult to reflect the environmental fate of the pollutants comprehensively and systematically. Environmental multimedia fate model can accurately describe the migration, transformation and environmental trend of the emerging pollutants, and it is an effective tool for environmental risk assessment of new pollutants. Compared with traditional environmental multimedia fate model, spatially environmental multimedia fate model has the advantages of high resolution, high precision, and it can exhibit the spatial difference of the pollutant distribution. The ocean is an important sink for the emerging pollutants, so it is imperative to construct an environmental multi-media model integrating land and sea. In this paper, the current spatially environmental multimedia fate models for environmental exposure assessment of the emerging pollutants are summarized, and the model construction methods, relevant parameters acquisition and future research prospects are reviewed.

     

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