Abstract: Oil spill ranks first in terms of occurrence frequency, pollution degree and long-term negative effects in marine environmental pollution. To minimize the losses after the oil spill accident, advanced technology for monitoring the oil spill in real-time is an important guarantee for emergency treatment and rapid recovery of marine ecological environment. The marine radar oil spill monitoring technology has the advantage of assisting emergency response all-day and all-weather. It has gradually attracted attention in the past decade. The marine radar oil spill monitoring technology is summarized and analyzed from the aspects of data preprocessing, effective region extraction, oil film segmentation. The oil spill identification method based on image texture features, machine learning and adaptive threshold is the mainstream in marine radar oil spill monitoring technology. With the continuous accumulation of the image samples, marine radar oil spill semantic segmentation using deep learning is the main direction in the future.