Abstract: Scientific and accurate assessment of oil spill emergency response capabilities can evaluate and plan the allocation of emergency resources, improve oil spill response capabilities, and effectively reduce the damage caused by oil spills. This research proposes an assessment technology of oil spill emergency response capability based on fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, which comprehensively considers the influencing factors of marine oil spills and the requirements of relevant laws and regulations, builds an evaluation index system for oil spill emergency response capabilities, uses an improved fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method for step-by-step evaluation, and determines the marine oil spill emergency response capabilities level through multi-layer composite operations. The effectiveness and applicability of the technology are verified by taking a certain sea area and an offshore oilfield in Bohai Sea as an example. The research results can provide a scientific basis for the construction of oil spill emergency response capability and emergency management.