Abstract: By organazing and arranging several kinds of historical books data, this paper collects 4,515 notes that recorded marine disaster in China from B.C.48 to 1949. Marine disasters in this paper contain storm surge, tsunami, ocean wave, and sea ice. Using disaster science, oceanography, geography, statistics and informatics theory, from the perspective of historical-document-study, spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of the marine disaster in China from B.C.48 to 1949 are summarized and analyzed on the basis of those historical notes. The results show that Storm Surge Disaster（SSD）is the most serious marine disaster in all dynasties. 1,244 SSD events have occurred from B.C.48 to 1949, and 52 events caused more than 10,000 deaths, most of which occurred in the southeast coastal areas of Jiangsu and Zhejiang province during the Ming and Qing dynasties. This paper is a supplement to the current research on marine disaster prevention and reduction in the cosatal China, at the same time, it is also the backtracking of ecological civilization construction and ecological protection in the time dimension.