Abstract: The total phosphorous determination is conducted for the core sediments at the estuary of the Yangtze River, and the content and distribution of phosphorous in 5 forms in the core sediments at the estuary of the Yangtze River is analyzed with the method of SEDEX.The result of the research shows that the vertical distribution of the phosphorous in different forms at different stations of the core sediments appears with the status of multiple kinds of distributions which is related to the sedimentary environment and the diagenesis after the sedimentation.The result for the change of constant of degradation rate of the organic phosphorous in the core sediments at the estuary of the Yangtze River shows that the degradation of the organic phosphorous at the sea area of the estuary of the Yangtze River mainly happens at the surface and subsurface of the sediments.The nitrogen-phosphorus ratio in the 2 core sediments is far lower than 16:1; it indicates that the phosphorus in the sediments at the sea area close to the estuary of the Yangtze River is mainly originated from the source of land.The age analysis for the core samples shows that there are obvious regional characteristics for the total phosphorus due to the change by the age; the high value of the total phosphorus at the estuary of the Yangtze River is consistent with the age of which there is larger sediment transport rate for the Yangtze River.